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Pomeranian Dog Breed Introduction
Pomeranian ( also known as Pom Dog, Zwergspitz, Deutscher Spitz, or Dwarf Spit) is a Spitz toy dog breed originally from Pomerania region in North East Germany and North West Poland in Central Europe. They were created from German Spitz. The breed was popularized by Queen Victoria who is credited for decreasing the original size of the breed with 50%. Pomeranians make excellent bark dogs since they are alert, have loud barks, and are aware of the changes in their environment.
Although intelligent, Pom Dogs are considered difficult to housebreak. Therefore, crate training is recommended. Rarely, Pomeranians are affected by hip dysplasia as compared to other dog breeds since they have a lightweight build. Common health problems that this breed is predisposed to include tracheal collapse, Alopecia X, and luxating patella. The three dogs that survived the Titanic Sinking in 1912 were two Pomeranians and one Pekingese dog.
Pomeranian Origin | History
Pomeranian dogs acquired their name from the region of Pomerania located in the present Germany and Northern Poland along the Baltic Sea. The progenitors of these breed were developed from German Spitz according to the Fédération Cynologique Internationale(FCI). Proper documentation of the breed was not available until the introduction of Pomeranians in the United Kingdom.
Some of the notable figures that had Pom dogs before the introduction of this breed in the UK include Martin Luther, Isaac Newton, composer Mozart, and artist Michelangelo. In England, these dogs were introduced by Sophie Charlotte, a 17-year-old Princess of a neighboring province in Pomerania(Mecklenburg-Strelitz) in 1761. Sophie married an English Prince who became King George III. Later on, she was referred to as Queen Charlotte. She brought with her two pairs of Pomeranian white dogs, Mercury and Phoebe that weighed more than 20 pounds ( approx. 9 kg).
At the time, the Pomeranians were popular within the royal circles but not with the public domain. Pomeranians were publicized by Queen’s Charlotte’s granddaughter, Queen Victoria who bred at least 15 different breeds of dogs. Her fascination with Pomeranians started in 1888 during her visit to Florence, Italy. Soon after, Victoria became an exhibitor of Poms and a serious breeder. She is also credited for reducing the size of the breed from at least 20 pounds to the current toy stature.
One of her favored Pomeranian was a small red sable named Marco. It was reported that during her death in 1901, her then favorite Pomeranian, Turi, was at the foot of her bed. AKC recognized Pomeranians in 1900. In the USA, the accepted and recognized parent club for this breed is American Pomeranian Club. Currently, Pom dogs rank 14th among the 155 breeds and varieties registered with American Kennel Club(AKC).
Pomeranian Lifespan
The lifespan of a Pomeranian is 12 to 16 years. Although, it was reported that the oldest Pomeranian, Coty had a lifespan of 21.8 years.
Signs Of Pomeranian Dying
Pet parents will at one point make the tough decision if it is time to put a Pomeranian down. While making this decision, it is recommended to do what is best for the pooch rather than what is best for you to avoid prolonging the suffering of the pet. Some of the signs that Pomeranians exhibit while nearing the end of life include:
- Fatigue and lethargy.
- Weight Loss due to the normal aspect of aging or illness.
- Poor temperature regulation.
- Difficulty in breathing.
- Loss of bladder and/or bowel movements.
- Poor response to treatments.
- Canine Cognitive Dysfunction similar to dementia with signs including irritability, pacing at night, and fussiness.
- Vomiting or incontinence.
- Lack of interest in their favorite toys and treats.
- Loss of appetite.
- Loss of consciousness.
- No longer taking water.
Pomeranian Grooming
A Pomeranian has a double profuse coat that sheds moderately all-year round. Brushing at least thrice a week helps to remove the loose hair, prevent matting, removing dirt present on the coat, and distributing the natural oils. Brush the coat on a daily basis during the heavy shedding season once or twice a year. Use a slicker brush and a pin brush for grooming all-year round and a non-rotating rake during the shedding season.
Never brush a dry coat since the fur easily breaks. Instead wet the coat using a solution of water and hypoallergenic conditioner. Pomeranian parents are recommended to find a professional groomer every 4 to 6 weeks for full grooming including brushing, bath, anal glands, nails, teeth, and ears. Although, DIY(do it yourself) pet owners may fully groom their pets at home.
Generally, Pomeranians require a bath every 3 to 6 weeks unless they roll in something stinky. Before bathing the pet, brush the coat to remove mats, dirt, and dead hair. Mats or tangles tend to get messier when they are wet. Use a hypoallergenic shampoo and conditioner. After bathing, thoroughly rinse of the residue of the grooming products to prevent skin irritation. Remember to wipe the face daily using canine wipes or a clean damp washcloth. Avoid using soapy water to wash the face since the eyes will be irritated. After drying the coat, brush it to prevent formation of mats.
Use a canine toothpaste and finger toothbrush to brush the teeth of Pomeranians at least twice a week if not daily to remove excess tartar buildup. To maintain oral hygiene, pet parents may give their dogs dental treats and bones. Clip the nails twice a month using nail clippers or grinders. Overly grown nails make running and walking difficult. Clean the ears using cotton balls that have been soaked in an ear cleanser solution once or twice a week to remove excess wax and dirt.
While cleaning the ears, check out for dark discharge, odor, and redness since they are signs of dog ear infection. Get your pet accustomed to touch to prepare for a visit to the groomer or Vet. Apply a nose balm once a day during winter and summer to prevent cracking. Use paw protection wax once a week to keep the paws in good shape.
Pomeranian Grooming Tools
Tor fully groom your pet every 4 to 6 weeks, a Pomeranian parent requires the following grooming tools hypoallergenic shampoo and conditioner, nail clippers, nose balm, paw wax, slicker brush, pin brush, non-rotating rake (during shedding season), cotton balls, canine wipes or clean damp washcloth, ear cleanser solution, tasty canine toothpaste, non slippery mat, an elevated grooming table, and finger toothbrush.
Pomeranian Haircuts | Grooming Styles
The coat of Pomeranians is trimmed for easy maintenance. Trimming and weekly brushings also prevent mats. However, never shave a Pomeranian although it has a profuse double coat even in summer. The undercoat of this pooch acts as an insulator against extreme heat and cold. If completely shaved, Some Pomeranians may never properly grow back their undercoats. Removing the undercoat makes the dog prone to sunburn and heat stroke. Clipping is only recommended around the rear end for hygiene purposes. Although there is no shaving, pet parents may trim the outer coat to achieve several grooming styles as discussed below:
Puppy Cut – This involves cutting the fur on the body leaving about 1 to 2 inches length using a pair of clippers and shears. The fur on the head and tail may be a couple of inches longer than the rest of the body.
Teddy Cut – This haircut resembles a puppy cut. Although the fur on the body is trimmed to a length of 3 inches while the hair on the head is trimmed in a rounded manner to give a Pomeranian a teddy bear look.
Lion Cut – For this haircut, the fur on the body, back, tail, and hind legs is trimmed short while the fur on the front legs, chest, head, and neck is kept longer to form a mane. Regular brushing around the mane is required to prevent matting. For this grooming style, a Pomeranian may need a dog sunscreen or a sweater if exposed to extreme heat and cold respectively.
Fox Cut – This haircut makes the Pomeranian to resemble a fox. The fur on the face and ears is trimmed in a triangular shape. The hair on the rest of the body is cut short except for the tail.
Lamb Cut – As the puppy cut, the fur on the body is trimmed to about 1 or 2 inches. However, the hair on the legs is left longer.
Pomeranian Shedding | Shedding Level | Shedding Season
A Pomeranian sheds at moderate levels all-year round. However, Pomeranians experience heavy shedding during seasonal change once or twice a year during spring and fall. During the non-shedding season use a pin brush and slicker brush to groom the coat at least twice a week. Use a non-rotating rake during the shedding season.
Pomeranian Coat | Hair| Coat Type
A Pomeranian has a profuse double layered coat with an outer coat and undercoat. The top coat is long, straight, and harsh in texture while the undercoat is thick, soft, and short. The coat also forms a ruff around the neck. The head and leg coat is shorter and tightly packed than the rest of the body. A dam may not carry a long or thick coat as a male.
Pomeranian Coat Stages
Pomeranian puppies are whelped with a smooth single-layered coat. A puppy experiences coat transition from the age 4 months until the puppy is about 9 or 12 months old. During this period, the hair is shed heavily. Daily brushing is required to confine the lost hair in the brush rather than around the house. During the coat transitioning stages, it is normal for some coat colors and the markings to increase or decrease. The growth stages of a Pomeranian coat include:
Anagen Phase – This is where a dog grows it coat to its full length if not trimmed.
Catagen Phase – This stages signals the end growth of the fur.
Telogen Phase – This stage is where the dog loose hair due to seasonal change in a process referred to as shedding.
Pomeranian Hypoallergenic
Pomeranians are not considered hypoallergenic dogs. They shed all-year round at moderate levels and heavily during the heavy shedding season during Spring and Fall. Shedding spreads dander and hair around the house. Dog’s hair, saliva, dander, urine, and mucus contain a protein allergen that triggers allergenic reactions in people who suffer from dog allergies.
According to AKC, there is no 100% hypoallergenic dog breed or mixed crosses. Although, nearly hypoallergenic dogs have a non-shedding coat that is likely to produce less dander. Therefore, Pomeranians are ruled out from the list of likely hypoallergenic dogs since they have a shedding coat.
Pomeranian Training | Training Tricks
A Pomeranian is alert, intelligent and it responds well training. These dogs are extroverts that enjoy being the center of attention. However, if not properly trained, they can become stubborn and willful. In order to raise a well-mannered, friendly, outgoing, and well-adjusted Pomeranian, socialization is key. This training starts from the age of 3 weeks while pup is with the breeder until the age of 16 weeks after the pup has already settled in its new home. Therefore, it is crucial to get a pup from a responsible breeder who screens his stock and starts socialization early on as required.
To socialize a Pomeranian, expose it a wide variety of people, animals, surfaces, sights, situations, experiences, smell, and sounds like sirens, vacuum cleaners, whistles, washing machine, and lawn mowers. Enrolling a Pomeranian in a puppy class also serve as a form of socialization. Puppy classes also enable the pet parents to identify and correct bad habits such as growling when someone takes the food bowl while eating.
Pomeranians thrive on positive reinforcement methods such as use of treats, toys, verbal praise, and petting. Reward good behavior immediately so that the dog may mark the good behavior with a treat. Never use harsh correction methods while training such as yelling, shoving, punching, kicking, or beating the dog. This will make the dog fearful or even aggressive. Keep the training sessions short and fun especially for puppies for a period of 5 to 10 minutes. The training sessions span may increase as the dog matures.
Teach basic command words like sit, come, down, leave it, stay, stop, and wait one at a time. Proceed to the next command word after the dog has mastered the previous taught command. Avoid uttering the command words while too excited or frustrated since they may not sound the same. Proper leash manners should also be taught earlier.
Remember to keep the Pomeranian from jumping from furniture as they can injure or even break a bone. Therefore, the stop and No commands are very essential. Apart from crate training, toys can also be used to effectively teach a Pomeranian to stay alone. Being firm, consistent, and patient is key in housebreaking. Pomeranians are considered difficult to housebreak the same case to other toy breeds like Bichon Frise. Crate training, creating a feeding schedule, and potty training is key in housebreaking.
Pomeranian Crate Training
Contrary to the belief that a crate is used for caging animals, it provides a feeling of security for dogs since they are naturally den animals. A crate is a device used as a safe place where a dog can retreat to. It is also essential when potty training since it makes easier for the owner to monitor for signs that the dog wants to eliminate such as the circling, whining, squatting, and trying to lift a leg against the crate. By choice, dogs avoid soiling where they sleep. A Crate helps to keep a Pomeranian safe while in the house so that it can’t injure itself when no one is closely looking after it. Pomeranians are prone to back joint injuries or they may even break a bone if they jump from higher surfaces. If unsupervised, a crate will come in handy.
This device helps to train a Pomeranian to be confident in staying alone and spending sometime there. A crate also helps to reduce the severity of separation anxiety. This device also makes transporting your dog when traveling by air or car for short distances or long vacations easier. At no time should a crate be used as a form of punishing Pomeranians. This device should also be placed in a room where there is a lot of family activities going on so that the dog doesn’t feel isolated. While in the house, always leave the crate door open so that a Pomeranian may understand that staying in a crate is not a forced experience.
Leaving the door open while at home will allow your pooch to come into the crate as it pleases. Don’t place a crate in a place that tends to be too hot or too cold which will make it difficult for the dog to relax. Remember to make the crate appealing by positioning favorite treats and toys inside the crate. Make it comfortable by lining it with a comfy blanket or bed linen. A crate is not a place to imprison Pomeranians. Therefore, limit the time it spends in the crate depending on the level of housetraining and its age.
To ensure the safety of the dog, remove any collars or harness when the dog is about to get to the crate. Patience is key when crate training. Pomeranians may also sleep overnight in the crate. Position the crate in your room where the dog can see you so that it doesn’t feel alone. Cover the crate with a towel or sheet leaving only the front section uncovered. Use a specific word like ‘bedtime’ every night so that the pet understands that a crate is used for sleeping at night.
Pomeranian Crate Size
Before a pet parent starts crate training, they should find the right crate for a Pomeranian. Buy the right crate size for an adult Pomeranian. Pet parents may even get a divider to enable them to build space and grant the pet more space as it grows up.
Most Pomeranians require a crate size of 24 inches which has the following dimensions: length ;60cm, Width; 44 cm, and height; 51 cm. However, other Pomeranians are comfortable in a 22 inches crate that has the following dimensions: a length of 22 cm, a height of 16 cm, and a width of 13 cm.
Pomeranian Potty Training
Although intelligent, it is difficult to housebreak Pomeranians. This is because they are toy-sized breeds that have small bladders. They will tend to eliminate frequently as compared to adult dogs, medium or large sized breeds. The general rule of the thumb is that an 8-week-old puppy holds for 2 hours before eliminating. A 12-week-old pup may be able to hold for 3 hours. However, Pomeranian pups are small-sized dogs that will be able to hold for a period of 20 to 60 minutes before eliminating. The bowel and bladder muscles of a puppy strengthens as it grows.
Before bringing your dog home, choose a designated potty area where it will eliminate. It is also recommended to decide whether the dog will eliminate inside or outside. Indoor potty training is essential for apartment dwellers who have a hard time accessing a yard or street. Although, indoor training is also recommended for a Pomeranian that has been extremely difficult to housebreak. It utilizes litter boxes and puppy pads that are available for retail in the pet stores.
For outdoor potty training, select a toilet spot that is far from the BBQ area or patio deck. Take your pet outside after every 20 to 60 minutes until it matures to hold for a period of 6 hours from the age of 8 months, after meals, immediately it wakes up, after exercise, car ride, before bedtime, and after naps. Once you take a Pomeranian to the potty area give it the command word ‘potty’ or ‘toilet’. Regardless of the command word that you will settle with, consistency is key. At no time should you interchangeably use the command words to avoid confusion.
In the toilet area, remain there for at least 15 minutes to allow the bladder and bowel muscles to relax for a pee or poo. If the dog fails to eliminate, take it back to the house and return it to the toilet area after 15 to 30 minutes. Before Pomeranians are fully house broken, there is a possibility that the dog will have accidents in the house. When this happens, utter a firm No and immediately take it to the designated toilet area. Avoid yelling since it will make a Pomeranian fearful encouraging future accidents.
Remember to clean the mess using an iodine solution or an enzymatic detergent to get rid of the odor. Failure to remove the odor will encourage future accidents once the dog sniffs and relieves in the same spot. Remember to monitor your Pomeranian for signs that it wants to eliminate including whining, squatting, circling, or lifting a leg against the furniture or wall. Before a Pomeranian attains the age of 4 months, set an alarm to take it to the potty area at least once a night.
Pomeranian Temperament | Traits
- Playful.
- Lively.
- Intelligent.
- Friendly.
- Alert.
- Extrovert.
- Inquisitive.
- Courageous.
- Active.
Pomeranian Exercise
Even if Pomeranians love being family companions and lapdogs, they enjoy if they get the chance for short walks, play, and run. Keep a close eye on a Pomeranian while outside since they can be mistaken for squirrels or rabbits by predatory birds like owls and hawks. They also have a reputation of notoriously escaping through small gaps in the fencing or even climbing over short fences. While going for a walk with a Pom dog, be cautious of your surroundings. Dogs that are not controlled can easily hurt your Pomeranian.
Pomeranian Barking
These are alert dogs that are aware of the changes in their environment. Pomeranians bark at new stimuli which can easily develop into a habit of excessive barking in any situation. Teaching the Quiet command will help to do away with excessive barking. To teach the Quiet command word, hold a treat above the head of your dog while it is barking. The dog will stop barking to sniff the treat. Give it a treat and utter the command word. When this is repeated at different scenarios the dog will eventually associate the Quiet command word with silence. Pomeranians also bark at outside noises since they are somewhat defensive of their territory.
Pomeranian Growling
Growling is how a dog communicates especially when it feels its territory is invaded. A Pomeranian may growl to convey separation anxiety, while manifesting food aggression, while in pain, fearful, or even encouraging playtime. Although toy sized, Pomeranians have a big dog attitude and it is not surprising to find them growling at large dog breeds in the neighborhood.
Pomeranian Height
According to AKC, Pomeranians have a height of 6 to 7 inches ( approx. 15 to 18 cm ). However, some Pomeranians have an average height of 7 to 12 inches ( approx. 18 to 30 cm).
Pomeranian Weight
A Pomeranian has a weight of 3 to 7 pounds ( approx. 1.4 to 3.2 kg ). However, the ideal weight for a show dog is 4 to 6 pounds ( approx. 1.8 to 2.7 kg).
Pomeranian Size
Pomeranians are toy sized dogs with a height of 6 to 7 inches ( approx. 15 to 18 cm ) and a weight of 3 to 7 pounds ( approx. 1.4 to 3.2 kg ).
Pomeranian Aggressive | Are Pomeranians Aggressive
Generally, Pomeranian are friendly, extrovert, lively, and playful dogs. Although, they can have a big dog attitude which makes them to show aggression and challenge large dog breeds nearby. Pet owners should closely watch Pom Dogs around large dogs. Socialization is also key. Exposing Pomeranians to other large dogs will broaden their social skills and they will not feel the need to be defensive around large-sized dogs.
Pomeranian Behavior Issues | Separation Anxiety
As earlier discussed, Pomeranians are extroverted dogs that may suffer from separation anxiety when left alone for long hours. This may cause behavior issues like destructive chewing, relapse in housebreaking, excessive barking, excessive licking that may cause lick granuloma, scratches on the wall, and pacing when you try to leave.
To reduce the severity of separation anxiety, use toys to teach the pet to stay alone, crate training is necessary to teach the dog to be confident in staying alone, leave the Tv or radio on, record your voice in a tape to play while your are away, and take the keys quietly while leaving the house.
Pomeranian Bite Force
A Pomeranian has a bite force of 100 to 200 PSI.
Pomeranian Biting
A Pomeranian puppy is prone to biting and nipping while playing, exploring the surrounding, and when teething due to discomfort. Since these are toy-sized dogs, biting may seem adorable but not for long after the dog grows to have serious biting issues. Pet parents should curb the biting behavior before it develops into a habit. Redirection and bite inhibition training are required. Through redirection, teething pups are given chewing toys instead of nipping the feet or hand of the pet parent.
Pomeranian Hair Loss
The cause of hair loss in most Pomeranians is Alopecia X also known as black skin disease. It is a genetic disease that makes the skin of the dog to turn black and lose most or all of its hair. Other names for Alopecia X are pseudo-Cushing’s disease, severe hair loss syndrome, woolly coat, or coat funk. This condition tend to affect Male Pomeranians more than females. Black skin disease can affect a Pomeranian at any age, although most dogs show signs after puberty. Apart from Alopecia X, other causes of hair loss in Pomeranians include:
Allergies – A Pomeranian may be affected by skin, food, and environmental allergies that leads to excessive scratching and biting causing sores and even hair loss. Flea allergy dermatitis is caused by flea’s saliva that causes biting and scratching on the skin around the bite area until it is raw. Commonly affected body parts include underneath the tail and back legs. Flea allergy causes hair loss and secondary skin infections if left unattended.
Hormonal changes – During the heat cycle a Pomeranian dam have changes in hormones especially an increase in estrogen levels that cause thinning of the coat. A Dam also loses the hair due to nesting behavior while preparing to whelp a litter.
Stress – If left alone for long hours, Pomeranians may suffer from stress manifested as separation anxiety. This may lead to behavior issues like destructive chewing, scratching the wall, excessive barking, and excessive licking(Lick granuloma). This condition leads to hair loss and sores in the excessively licked body parts especially the paws.
Some Pomeranians may be affected by Demodex mange, this is a microscopic mite that lives in the hair follicles of the dog. The mite causes hair loss when the immune system can longer keep them in check. It causes excessive rubbing, scratching, and licking of the affected body parts leading to sores, scrabs, and hair loss.
Hypothyroidism also affects Pomeranians. It is a condition that results from the inadequate production of the thyroxine hormone by the thyroid hormone that helps in metabolism. This health issues causes thinning of the skin and the hair easily fall off on the neck area, tail, back legs, and sides of the body.
Cushing’s disease affects senior Pomeranians. It is caused by a tumor in the pituitary gland that leads to excessive drinking, increased urination, obesity, lethargy, thinning of the coat, and hair loss on the neck and perineum as well as lesions on the skin.
Pomeranian Hair Loss Treatment
To treat hair loss for Pomeranians that are suffering from Alopecia X or Black Skin disease, offer daily melatonin and omega -3 fish oil. Tropical treating the fur and skin with a hypoallergenic shampoo and restorative lotion is also recommended.
For Flea allergy dermatitis. Use modern flea medication every month to get rids of these insects. Eventually, the lost hair will grow back.
Hair loss due to environmental allergens such as ragweed, pollen, grass, trees, etc. should be tackled through daily wiping of the coat after an outdoor activity.
To reduce stress from separation anxiety, teach a dog to stay alone through the use of toys and crate training.
As for Mange, Cushing’s disease, and hypothyroidism, visit the Vet who will give a topical medication to help with the situation.
Use a hypoallergenic, organic, and sulfate free shampoo to help in relieving itchiness and excessive scratching that may result to more hair loss.
Apart from Pomeranian, other breeds of dogs include:
Pug.
Pomeranian Eye Infection
Pomeranian eye infection is caused by viruses or bacteria. However, eye bacterial infections are far more common. The bacteria gets an opportunity of invading the eye following trauma to the eye, certain eye problems like entropion, distichiasis, and dry eye disease as well as viruses. This is because the local defenses of the eye have been compromised.
Scratch or injury to the cornea due to foreign materials like fur, hair, plant material, dirt, or debris also cause eye infections. Common symptoms manifested by a Pomeranian that is suffering from an eye disease includes squinting, pawing at the eye due to pain, swelling of the eyelids, redness, and a discharge.
A clear discharge is due to viral infection while a thick yellowish green discharge is a result bacterial eye infection. The recommended home remedy for eye infection is the use of saline rinses to flush the eye.
Pomeranian Ear Infection
Pomeranians have small, erect, and triangular shaped ears. Although, some dogs have large erect triangular shaped ears. A Pomeranian is susceptible to ear infections caused by ear mites, yeast imbalances, endocrine disorders like hypothyroidism, ear hematoma due to injury to the ear canal, moisture accumulation, excess dirt, wax, or debris, and even excessive cleaning.
A Pomeranian is predisposed to three types of ear infections, externa, media, and interna otitis respectively. Externa otitis is the inflammation of the cells located in the external ear. If left unattended, the inflammation spreads to the middle and inner ear canal. This results to media and interna otitis respectively. These infections result to deafness, facial paralysis, and vestibular signs such as disorientation if left untreated.
Common symptoms exhibited by a Pomeranian that is suffering from an ear infection include walking in circles, swelling of the ear canal, pain, redness, odor, dark discharge, rubbing the affected ear against the surface, scabs in the affected ear, and itchiness. Once a pet parent notices the above signs, he or she should immediately give a vet a call. Upon arrival, physical examination will be conducted to look for signs of ear infection before taking a swab from the affected ear.
If the dog is in too much pain, it may be sedated to facilitate thorough cleaning of the infected ear using cotton balls and medicated ear cleanser solution. While going home, a topical medication and ear cleanser solution may be prescribed. Ensure the dog completes the medication even if the symptoms go away to avoid recurrence of the ear infections.
Pomeranian Eye Problems
Apart from eye infections, other eye problems that affect Pomeranians include:
Entropion is an inherited eye condition in Pomeranians that makes the eyelids to roll inward making the eyelashes to rub against the cornea.
Cataracts – is an eye condition that results in cloudy and whitish pupils that affects the vision of a Pomeranian. If left untreated it causes blindness.
Distichiasis is an eye issue that causes rubbing on cornea due to extra hairs that grow inside the eyelid. If left unattended, distichiasis may cause chronic eye pain and corneal ulcers.
Glaucoma is the insufficient drainage of the fluid from the eye hence putting pressure on the optic nerve which causes a lot of pain to a Pomeranian. Symptoms include bluing of the cornea, squinting, redness in the whites of the eyes, and watery eyes.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy – This eye condition is caused by degenerative diseases that affect the photoreceptors cells that causes progressive vision loss eventually leading to blindness.
Pomeranian Health Issues
Pomeranians are generally healthy, although they are susceptible to tracheal collapse due to their toy size. Signs of tracheal collapse include honking cough, fainting spells, and intolerance to exercise. This breed is also affected by Alopecia X that result in hair loss. It is also referred to as Black skin disease due to the combination hair loss and darkening of the skin. Male Pomeranians are affected by cryptorchidism, where one or both testicles don’t descend into the scrotum.
Other health issues that affect Pomeranians include luxating patella, hypothyroidism, seizures, congestive heart failure, allergies, and eye problems like entropion and cataracts. Certain health issues develop as lack of attention to grooming including periodontal disease. With regular teeth brushing, such diseases can be avoided. Pomeranians are susceptible to early tooth loss hence dry food is recommended.
Some health conditions like hip dysplasia rarely affect Pomeranians due to their lightweight build. Merle-colored Pomeranians are susceptible to certain health issues including severe deafness, colobomas, microphthalmia, intraocular pressure, and ametropia.
Older Pomeranian Health Issues
- Hypothyroidism.
- Cushing’s disease.
- Congestive heart failure.
- Alopecia X.
- Tracheal collapse.
- Gastrointestinal stress like vomiting and diarrhea.
- Eye problems like Progressive retinal atrophy that result to vision loss.
Pomeranian Stomach Problem
Stomach problems in Pomeranians may be a result of food allergies or food intolerance. However, some senior Pomeranians also suffer from stomach problems due to other underlying health issues affecting the liver or kidney.
Pomeranian Names
After getting a Pomeranian pup from a responsible breeder or a shelter, the next best thing is finding a name for the fur baby. Pomeranian names may be inspired by their origin ( names from Poland and Germany), coat color, personality, music, historical figures, food, nature, books, and celebrities.
Regardless of where you get your inspiration from, ensure that the name chosen freely rolls off your tongue without making embarrassed when uttered out loud in public parks and malls. A name that has vowels is better understood by the Pomeranians and other dog breeds.
Giving your pooch a name that rhymes with the command words creates confusion. If a Pomeranian has a long name, find a cute nickname for it. If a Pomeranian shares a name with other family members and people who frequent your home, it will create confusion.
Male Pomeranian Names | Pomeranian Dog Names Male
- Alfie.
- Otis.
- Mickey.
- Ziggie.
- Hunter.
- Leo.
- Murphy.
- Cooper.
- Max.
- Romeo.
- Lucky, etc.
Pomeranian Speed
A Pomeranian can be able to run for a speed of up to 13 to 20 miles per hour ( approx. 20 to 32 km/h ).
Female Pomeranian Names
- Annie.
- Dottie.
- Luna.
- Mia.
- Vicky.
- Stella.
- Daisy.
- Layla.
- Macy.
- Lady.
- Bella.
- Trixie, etc.
Pomeranian Seizures | Seizures Hypoglycemia
Fits, convulsions, or seizures, refer to the disturbance of the normal functioning of the brain that is normally accompanied by uncontrollable muscle activity. Pomeranians are also predisposed to seizures. Causes of these diseases can be categorized into three; primary, secondary, and reactive seizures.
Primary seizures are inherited although the cause is unknown. For this reason, they are also referred to as Idiopathic epilepsy. Secondary causes of seizure include trauma to the brain, stroke, or brain tumor. Reactive seizures occur when the brain detects a problem with the metabolism due to low blood sugar(hypoglycemia), toxins, and organ failure. Pomeranian puppies are prone to Hypoglycemia seizures due to low blood sugar. This is when the body is unable to convert glycogen into glucose for use as fuel by the brain and body tissues.
Seizures are also categorized according to how intense they are. Focal or partial seizure affect one part of the dog’s brain and don’t result to loss of consciousness. Signs of Focal seizure include balance problems, dilated pupils, snapping at the air, involuntary movements, and fur standing up. Grand Mal seizures affects the entire body and both parts of the brain. Common symptoms of Grand Mal seizures include disorientation, stiffening of the muscles, foaming mouth, loss of consciousness, and urination or defecation.
When a dog is experiencing seizure, ensure it is away from other dogs and hazards like fire, water, and an elevated surface. Put nothing in the mouth of a Pomeranian since it pose as a risk to the owner and the dog. Inform the vet when the seizures occur, so that you may discuss on the possible medications, and how to reduce the intensity and frequency of seizure occurrence.
Pomeranian Breeding | Heat Cycle | Mating
A Pomeranian dam experiences the first heat cycle from the age of 6 to 9 months. Although, early bloomers go on a heat season from the age of 4 months while late bloomers at the age of 12 months, though it is rare. The heat cycle last for a period of 2 to 3 weeks. This process recurs after every 5.5 to 8 months. If a dog is intact it is likely to get pregnant in its teen since dams don’t experience menopause.
Most Kennel Clubs recommend that a dam should not be bred before the age of 2 years old. A Pomeranian dam should also whelp utmost 4 litters. Before breeding, ensure that both the Dam and the Sire have be screened for Alopecia X, hypothyroidism, congestive heart failure, collapsing tracheas, seizures, and luxating patella.
An aggressive dam should not be bred since the puppies will either be fearful or aggressive. Some of the signs that a Pomeranian exhibit while on heat includes increased urination, swollen vulva, bloody discharge, tail flagging, mood swings, and changes in eating habits.
Pomeranian Litter Size | Litter
Pomeranians are one of the dogs that have the smallest average litter size of 1 to 3 puppies.
Pomeranian Harness | Collar
Pomeranians are susceptible to tracheal collapse as a result of the weakening of the tracheal rings in the windpipe. Therefore, they should walk on a leash that is attached to a harness that distributes the pressure over the back and shoulders. A collar puts pressure on the delicate necks if the dogs pulls while on a leash. However, pet parents may use a collar and harness while walking their dogs. A harness will be used to attach the leash while a collar is used for attaching ID and Rabies tags.
Pomeranian Muzzle
A Pomeranian may be muzzled in certain situations where the pet parent is not sure how the dog will react especially if the dog has a reputation of challenging large sized dog breeds. A muzzle is also used when the dog is in pain since it is likely to bite or nip. AKC recommends pet parents to create positive associations with the accessory through verbal praise and use of treats. This will reduce the chances of the dog reacting aggressively when it is time to muzzle it. However, a muzzle should not be used to correct behavior problems like destructive chewing, barking, and biting.
Pomeranian Feeding Chart
The amount of food that a Pomeranian eats depends on its age, size, activity level, and metabolism. The following is the feeding guide for puppies from the age of 2 months to 12 months.
At the age of 2 months, Pomeranian puppies feed 4 times a day a total of 2 to 4 ounces.
A pup that is 3 months old eats a total of 4 ounces divided into 4 meals.
At the age of 4 months, a pup feeds 4 times a day a total of 6 ounces.
From the age of 5 to 6 months, Pomeranian puppies feed 3 times a day a total of 6 ounces.
Between the age of 7 to 8 months, Pomeranian puppies feed 3 times a day a total of 8 ounces.
From the age of 9 to 10 months, a Pomeranian puppy feeds 3 times a day a total of 10 ounces.
Between the age of 10 to 12 months, feed a pup twice a day a total of 10 ounces.
Pomeranian Dog Food | Food
Depending on the time and budget of a Pomeranian parent, he or she may decide whether to feed dry kibble food, wet food, raw food, or homemade food. Regardless, they should ensure that the food meets all the nutritional requirements of the pooch based on age and activity level. However, Pomeranians are susceptible to early tooth loss and should feed on dry food.
The best way to know whether you are overfeeding or underfeeding your Pomeranians is to take them to the vet to be informed about their weight and health. However, you can also tell by checking the physique of your pet. If you can see your Pomeranian’s ribs, chances are they are being underfed. If the owner cannot feel the ribs of the pet under the coat, then chances are that it is being overfeed.
When you get a Pomeranian from a responsible breeder, chances are that you will want to switch to another quality of food than the one it was previous feeding on. Gradually do this by mixing small portions of new food about 1/4 with 3/4 old food for the first week. During the second week, feed your dog with the same amount of the new food and old food.
On the third week feed your pet with 1/4 of old food and 3/4 of the new food. During the fourth week, totally switch to new food. For dog owner who wants to feed commercial dry or wet food, they should purchase food that are specifically designed for toy-sized puppies, adults, and senior dogs. As rule of thumb, dog commercial food or any other food should not contain fillers, preservatives, chemicals, or additives. The food should also have protein listed as the first ingredient. This also applies to the treats.
Pomeranian Neck Size | Collar Size
The neck size of a Pomeranian is equivalent to the collar size since the collar rests around the neck. When using a collar ensure you can insert one finger between the collar and the neck to avoid choking the dog. The Neck size | collar size of a Pomeranian is 10 to 14 inches ( 25 to 36 cm).
Pomeranian Colors
Pomeranians have a variety of colors including black, white, brown, orange, red, cream, sable, blue, brindle, black and tan, spotted, brown and tan, parti, and a combinations of all these colors. Although, the most common coat colors include black, orange, or cream/white.
Pomeranian Allergies Symptoms
A Pomeranian may be affected by food, skin, contact, and environmental allergies. Symptoms exhibited by a Pomeranian that is suffering from allergies include:
- Congestion.
- Runny nose.
- Swollen eyes.
- Crusting lesions.
- Dry flaky skin.
- Sores.
- Bloodshot eyes.
- Vomiting.
- Itchiness at various body parts including paws, feet, ears, around the eyes, groin, muzzle, and belly sides.
- Diarrhea.
Pomeranian Skin Allergies
A Pomeranian is susceptible to skin allergies as a result of genetic factors, food allergies, and environmental allergies such as flea. A true food allergy affects the skin by resulting in hot spots, hives, crusting lesions, dermatitis, facial swelling, and pruritus.
Flea’s bites causes flea allergy dermatitis that affect back legs and underneath the tail. Flea’s saliva causes excessive scratching and biting until the skin around the bite area is raw. If left unattended it causes secondary skin infections such as yeast and bacterial infections. Environmental allergies are also associated with atopic dermatitis, a chronic allergy skin disease. Common affected body parts by skin allergies include underside, face and snout, feet, and paws.
Pomeranian Food Allergies
True food allergies are rare. Although, they may also affect Pomeranians. Food allergies are accompanied by a wide range of symptoms ranging from skin issues to gastrointestinal stress. Skin issues symptoms include crusting lesions, hives, sores, dermatitis, pruritus, and facial swelling. Gastrointestinal stress includes acute vomiting and diarrhea.
Apart from food allergies, Pomeranians are also affected by food intolerance. This is the gradual response to an offending ingredient in the diet and snacks of the dog. Some of the ingredients that affect Pomeranians include colorings, chemicals, preservatives, beef, soy, corn, chicken, lamb, milk, eggs, etc. Symptoms of food intolerance include poor skin and coat, foot infections, itchiness, and ear infections.
Pet parents should work along with the vet to manage the symptoms and find the offending ingredient in the food of the pooch. Food allergies are determined through elimination method that involves feeding a dog one type of protein and carbohydrate for 8 weeks.
Pomeranian Eyes | Eye Color
A Pomeranian has medium-sized and almond shaped eyes. The eyes are dark or light brown in color.
Pomeranian Eye Discharge
Eye discharge in dogs is medically referred to as eye gunk or eye boogers. Normal eye discharge in dogs is clear with a water consistency or whitish grey in color. However, a thick yellowish green discharge indicates the eye has a bacterial infection.
Pomeranian Ears
A Pomeranian has small-sized, triangular shaped, and erect ears.
Pomeranian Head
The head of a Pomeranian is in balance with the head. When viewed from above, it is broad at the back and tapering to the nose to form a wedge.
Pomeranian Tail
The natural tail of a Pomeranian is heavily plumed and set high. It is also flat and straight on the back.
Pomeranian Teeth | Teeth Problems
During birth, a Pomeranian is born with no teeth. However, the teeth start growing in from the age of 4 or 6 weeks until the dog has a total of 28 deciduous teeth. From the age of 16 weeks, a Pomeranian will start loosing the deciduous teeth as the adult permanent teeth grows in. At the age of 8 months, a Pomeranian should have a total of 42 permanent teeth. Teeth brushing at least twice a week should start once the adult teeth starts growing in. Use a tasty canine tooth paste and finger toothbrush to clean the teeth. Irregular teeth cleaning results to teeth problems such as bad breath, gum inflammation, and loss of teeth.
Pomeranian Nose
All Pomeranians have a black nose except for Chocolate, blue, and beaver colored dogs that have a nose that resemble the coat color.
Are Pomeranian Hypoallergenic
No. They shed at moderate levels all-year round spreading dander and hair around the house. Dog’s hair, dander, saliva, and mucus contain a protein allergen that triggers an allergic reaction in people who suffer from dog allergies.
Are Pomeranians Smart
Yes. Pomeranians are intelligent, extrovert, friendly, playful, lively, active, and courageous.
Are Pomeranians Easy To Train
Yes, they are intelligent dogs that thrive on positive reinforcement methods. However, house training is considered difficult. Patience and consistency is required.
Pomeranian Quick Facts
- Despite their toy-size, they have a large-dog attitude and tend to challenge large-sized dogs.
- Pomeranians suffer from hair loss due to Alopecia X or Black Skin Disease.
- In 1912, two Pomeranian dogs were among the three dogs that survived the titanic sinking.
